Mathematics - Junior Secondary 2 - Approximation

Approximation

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TERM: 1st TERM

WEEK 4

Class: Junior Secondary School 2
Age: 13 years
Duration: 40 minutes of 5 periods
Subject: Mathematics
Topic: Approximation
Focus: Approximation of numbers to decimal places, significant figures, and whole numbers

SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES:
By the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:

  1. Approximate numbers to decimal places.
  2. Approximate numbers to significant figures.
  3. Approximate whole numbers by rounding to the nearest ten, hundred, or thousand.

INSTRUCTIONAL TECHNIQUES:

  • Explanation and demonstration
  • Practice exercises
  • Group activities
  • Use of real-life examples for rounding and approximating

INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS:

  • Whiteboard and markers
  • Calculators (optional)
  • Worksheets with numbers for approximation
  • Charts showing rounding to decimal places, significant figures, and whole numbers

 

PERIOD 1 & 2: Approximation of Numbers to Decimal Places
PRESENTATION:

Step

Teacher’s Activity

Pupil’s Activity

Step 1 – Introduction

Introduces the concept of decimal places and why rounding is important.

Pupils listen and ask questions.

Step 2 – Explanation

Demonstrates how to round numbers to a specified number of decimal places.

Pupils observe and practice rounding numbers.

Step 3 – Demonstration

Shows examples such as rounding 3.456 to 2 decimal places (3.46).

Pupils solve similar problems in pairs.

Step 4 – Practice

Pupils practice rounding different numbers to decimal places.

Pupils work on exercises independently.

EVALUATION (5 exercises):

  1. Round 3.456 to 2 decimal places.
  2. Round 7.8921 to 3 decimal places.
  3. Round 9.876 to 1 decimal place.
  4. Round 4.563 to 2 decimal places.
  5. Round 5.122 to 3 decimal places.

CLASSWORK (5 questions):

  1. Round 5.764 to 2 decimal places.
  2. Round 4.983 to 1 decimal place.
  3. Round 8.741 to 3 decimal places.
  4. Round 6.1756 to 2 decimal places.
  5. Round 9.6543 to 3 decimal places.

ASSIGNMENT (5 tasks):

  1. Round 12.987 to 2 decimal places.
  2. Round 0.6739 to 3 decimal places.
  3. Round 15.4789 to 1 decimal place.
  4. Round 10.0115 to 2 decimal places.
  5. Round 2.6789 to 3 decimal places.

 

PERIOD 3 & 4: Approximation to Significant Figures
PRESENTATION:

Step

Teacher’s Activity

Pupil’s Activity

Step 1 – Introduction

Explains the concept of significant figures and when to use them in approximating numbers.

Pupils listen and ask questions.

Step 2 – Explanation

Demonstrates rounding numbers to a specific number of significant figures.

Pupils follow along with examples.

Step 3 – Demonstration

Shows examples like rounding 3456 to 2 significant figures (3500).

Pupils solve examples with guidance.

Step 4 – Practice

Pupils practice approximating numbers to significant figures.

Pupils work in pairs or individually.

EVALUATION (5 exercises):

  1. Round 3456 to 2 significant figures.
  2. Round 876.245 to 3 significant figures.
  3. Round 5623 to 2 significant figures.
  4. Round 987.654 to 4 significant figures.
  5. Round 1234.5 to 3 significant figures.

CLASSWORK (5 questions):

  1. Round 7890 to 3 significant figures.
  2. Round 4567 to 2 significant figures.
  3. Round 12.345 to 3 significant figures.
  4. Round 780.245 to 2 significant figures.
  5. Round 0.004567 to 3 significant figures.

ASSIGNMENT (5 tasks):

  1. Round 6789 to 3 significant figures.
  2. Round 1234.56 to 2 significant figures.
  3. Round 9.12345 to 4 significant figures.
  4. Round 0.0345 to 2 significant figures.
  5. Round 65432 to 3 significant figures.

 

PERIOD 5: Approximation to Whole Numbers
PRESENTATION:

Step

Teacher’s Activity

Pupil’s Activity

Step 1 – Introduction

Introduces rounding whole numbers to the nearest ten, hundred, and thousand.

Pupils listen and observe.

Step 2 – Explanation

Demonstrates how to round numbers like 567 to the nearest hundred.

Pupils practice rounding with examples.

Step 3 – Demonstration

Shows examples such as rounding 438 to the nearest ten (440).

Pupils work on similar exercises.

Step 4 – Practice

Pupils practice rounding whole numbers to the nearest ten, hundred, and thousand.

Pupils work individually or in pairs.

EVALUATION (5 exercises):

  1. Round 567 to the nearest hundred.
  2. Round 2345 to the nearest thousand.
  3. Round 436 to the nearest ten.
  4. Round 8923 to the nearest hundred.
  5. Round 657 to the nearest thousand.

CLASSWORK (5 questions):

  1. Round 567 to the nearest ten.
  2. Round 2380 to the nearest hundred.
  3. Round 1008 to the nearest thousand.
  4. Round 745 to the nearest ten.
  5. Round 1590 to the nearest hundred.

ASSIGNMENT (5 tasks):

  1. Round 4567 to the nearest hundred.
  2. Round 1034 to the nearest thousand.
  3. Round 67 to the nearest ten.
  4. Round 3278 to the nearest hundred.

Round 871 to the nearest thousand.