Basic Science and Technology - Junior Secondary 2 - Relationship between living things in their habitat

Relationship between living things in their habitat

Get it on Google Play
Get it on the Apple App Store
  1. Home
  2. Comprehensive Lesson Plan and Notes
  3. Junior Secondary 2
  4. Relationship between living things in their habitat

TERM: 1ST TERM

WEEK: 3

CLASS: Junior Secondary School 2

AGE: 13 years

DURATION: 40 minutes each for 2 periods

DATE:

SUBJECT: Basic Science

TOPIC: Relationship between living things in their habitat

SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES: At the end of the lesson, the learners should be able to

1.) Define ecological relationship

2.) Discuss with examples the six ecological relationships that can exist between living things in their habitat

INSTRUCTIONAL TECHNIQUES: Identification, explanation, questions and answers, demonstration, story-telling, videos from source

INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS: Recommended Basic Science textbooks for Junior Secondary School 2

INSTRUCTIONAL PROCEDURES: PERIOD 1-2:

PRESENTATION

TEACHER’S ACTIVITY

PUPIL’S ACTIVITY

STEP 1

Review

The teacher revises the previous lesson.

Learners pay attention

STEP 2

Introduction

He then introduces the topic by defining ecological relationship

Learners pay attention and participate

STEP 3

Explanation

He states and explains the six forms of ecological relationships that can occur between living organisms in a habitat

Learners pay attention and participate

STEP 4

NOTE TAKING

The teacher writes a short note on the board for the learners to copy

The learners copy the note from the board

 

NOTE

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN LIVING THINGS IN THEIR HABITAT

An ecological relationship refers to the interactions that occur between different organisms in a particular habitat or ecosystem. These relationships can be between individuals of the same species (intraspecific) or between individuals of different species (interspecific). These interactions are essential in shaping the structure, behavior, and distribution of populations within an ecosystem.

 

Ecological Relationships Between Living Things in Their Habitat:

  1. Predation
  • Definition: Predation is an ecological relationship where one organism (the predator) hunts, kills, and consumes another organism (the prey).
  • Example: A lion hunting and eating a zebra. In this relationship, the lion benefits by obtaining food, while the zebra is harmed and is consumed by the predator.
  1. Competition
  • Definition: Competition occurs when two or more organisms vie for the same resources (such as food, territory, or mates) in an ecosystem.
  • Example: Squirrels and birds competing for nuts. Both species rely on the same resource, and if the supply is limited, both species may experience a decrease in survival or reproduction rates.
  1. Mutualism
  • Definition: Mutualism is a relationship where both species involved benefit from the interaction.
  • Example: Bees and flowers. Bees pollinate flowers while collecting nectar for food, benefiting the plants by helping them reproduce, and the bees benefit from the nectar as a food source.
  1. Commensalism
  • Definition: In commensalism, one organism benefits from the interaction while the other is neither helped nor harmed.
  • Example: Barnacles on the shell of a turtle. The barnacles benefit by getting access to more food and nutrients as the turtle moves through the water, while the turtle is not affected by the presence of the barnacles.
  1. Parasitism
  • Definition: Parasitism is an interaction where one organism (the parasite) benefits at the expense of another (the host), often harming the host in the process.
  • Example: A tick feeding on the blood of a dog. The tick benefits by obtaining food, while the dog can suffer from blood loss, infection, or disease.
  1. Amensalism
  • Definition: Amensalism is a relationship where one organism is harmed by the interaction, while the other is unaffected.
  • Example: The relationship between a large tree and the plants growing underneath it. The tree’s roots might release chemicals that inhibit the growth of smaller plants (allelopathy), harming the smaller plants, while the tree itself remains unaffected.

 

EVALUATION:

  1. What is the significance of predation in an ecosystem, and how does it affect the population dynamics of both predators and prey?
  2. How does competition between species influence the availability of resources within a habitat, and what are some strategies organisms use to minimize competition?
  3. Explain the concept of mutualism and provide an example of how both species benefit from the relationship. How does this type of relationship promote biodiversity?
  4. What are the key differences between commensalism and parasitism, and how do these relationships impact the organisms involved?
  5. In what ways can amensalism influence the structure of a habitat, and what might be the long-term effects of this type of relationship on the affected species?

CLASSWORK: As in evaluation

CONCLUSION: The teacher marks their books and commends them positively