Week: 1
Class: Junior Secondary School 2
Term: 1st Term
Age: 13 years
Duration: 40 minutes of 2 periods
Date:
Subject: Agriculture
Topic: Farm structures
SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES: At the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to
- Define farm structures
- Discuss some examples of farm structures
INSTRUCTIONAL TECHNIQUES: Identification, explanation, questions and answers, demonstration, videos from source
INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS: Videos, loud speaker, textbook, pictures
INSTRUCTIONAL PROCEDURES
PERIOD 1-2
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PRESENTATION
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TEACHER’S ACTIVITY
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STUDENT’S ACTIVITY
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STEP 1
INTRODUCTION
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The teacher revises the previous knowledge of the pupils with regards to what they think Agriculture is.
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Students pay attention
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STEP 2
EXPLANATION
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She introduces the topic by explaining what farm structures are
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Students pay attention and participates
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STEP 3
DEMONSTRATION
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She then discusses some examples of farm structures
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Students pay attention and participate
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STEP 4
NOTE TAKING
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The teacher writes a summarized note on the board
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The students copy the note in their books
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NOTE
FARM STRUCTURES
Farm structures are buildings designed for a particular purpose so that farm
operations will be easier.
The following are some of the popular farm structures
- Barns: It is constructed using sticks, mud and thatch. It is a framework of vertical and horizontal sticks with palm fronds overhead for tying and storing yams in rows
- Silos: it is a structure used in larger farms to store grains and beans. It can be constructed in a circular and rectangular form.
- Rhombus: It is a constructed round base seated on a raised mud platform. It is covered with tightly woven grasses or thatch. It is used in storing grains like maize, sorghum, millet, cowpea and groundnuts
- Paddock: It is a structure used in the management of a rangeland. It can be divided into smaller units for feeding or grazing animals
- Fish pond: It is an artificial lake constructed in a conducive environment for raising fishes. Usually it has a spillway known as the MUNK which allows the pond water to drain out
- Feed mills: they are constructed to make animal feed in farms.
- Cribs: These are farm structures used in storing grains.
- Fences: They are structures used for walling round the farm for security.
The objectives of fences are as follows
- confine farm animals where they can graze
- protects crops and animals form thieves and harmful animals
- they mark boundary between two farms
- Animal dips: it is a constructed depression made with concrete on the ground and used as a bath for livestock. During the bath, the animal is made to get soaked into a solution of pesticide in water in the dip.
- Irrigation canal and tanks: these are structures used for irrigating the farm especially in Northern Nigeria. They are constructed to carry water from rivers, lakes or streams to the fields
- Water tanks: a water tank is usually installed or elevated on hilly ground within the vicinity of the farm.
- Dams: it is a barrier made with stones, wood and mud or concrete across a river or stream to hold back water for irrigating crops and providing drinking water for animals
- compost pits: These are pits dug on the farm for making compost manure for crops, waste plant and animal materials are allowed to decay in the compost pit until they form manure
- Waste pits: these are deep pits dug outside the farm for disposal of all wastes and useless products of the farm
- Crushes: These are fence-like structures used for restraining the movement of animals that require close observation and handling
EVALUATION: 1. Define farm structures
- Discuss some examples of farm structures
CLASSWORK: As in evaluation
CONCLUSION: The teacher commends the students positively