Mathematics - Junior Secondary 1 - Algebraic processes (continued)

Algebraic processes (continued)

Get it on Google Play
Get it on the Apple App Store
  1. Home
  2. Comprehensive Lesson Plan and Notes
  3. Junior Secondary 1
  4. Algebraic processes (continued)

TERM: 2ND TERM

WEEK 9

Class: Junior Secondary School 1
Age: 12 years
Duration: 40 minutes of 5 periods
Subject: Mathematics
Topic: Algebraic Processes Continued
Focus:
i. Problem-solving on basic arithmetic operations in algebraic processes
ii. Solving quantitative aptitude problems on the use of symbols and brackets

SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES:

By the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:

  1. Solve problems involving algebraic expressions using addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division.
  2. Interpret and simplify algebraic expressions involving brackets and symbols.
  3. Translate word problems into algebraic expressions and solve them.
  4. Use BODMAS/BIDMAS rule in simplifying expressions.
  5. Apply algebraic problem-solving to real-life contexts.

 

INSTRUCTIONAL TECHNIQUES:

  • Question and answer
    • Guided demonstration
    • Individual and group practice
    • Use of real-life examples
    • Drills and exercises

 

INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS:

  • Flashcards with algebraic expressions
    • Algebra tiles (optional)
    • Whiteboard and marker
    • Printed worksheets
    • Word problem charts
    • BODMAS chart

 

PERIOD 1 & 2: Basic Arithmetic Operations in Algebra

PRESENTATION:

Step

Teacher’s Activity

Pupil’s Activity

Step 1 - Introduction

Revises meaning of algebraic terms and operations.

Pupils recall previous knowledge.

Step 2 - Explanation

Demonstrates addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division of like and unlike terms.

Pupils observe and ask questions.

Step 3 - Guided Practice

Writes and solves expressions like 3x + 2x, 5a – 3a, 2x × 3.

Pupils solve similar problems with teacher.

Step 4 - Note Taking

Summarizes steps for each operation.

Pupils copy and discuss.

NOTE ON BOARD:

  • 3x + 2x = 5x
    • 7a – 4a = 3a
    • 2x × 3 = 6x
    • 12y ÷ 3 = 4y

 

EVALUATION (5 exercises):

  1. Simplify: 4x + 3x
  2. Find: 9a – 2a
  3. Multiply: 5 × x
  4. Divide: 15y ÷ 5
  5. Simplify: 6p + 2p – 3p

 

CLASSWORK (5 questions):

  1. 8a – 3a
  2. 7x + 2x – x
  3. 6y ÷ 2
  4. 3m × 4
  5. 12t – 4t + 3t

 

ASSIGNMENT (5 tasks):

  1. Simplify: 9a + 2a – 5a
  2. Multiply: 2 × (x + 4)
  3. Divide: 20y ÷ 4
  4. Write 3 algebraic expressions involving subtraction.
  5. Translate this: “Double a number minus 5”

 

PERIOD 3 & 4: Use of Symbols and Brackets in Problem-Solving

PRESENTATION:

Step

Teacher’s Activity

Pupil’s Activity

Step 1 - Introduction

Introduces symbols like ‘x’, ‘y’, ‘a’, ‘b’ for unknowns.

Pupils observe and ask questions.

Step 2 - Explanation

Explains and demonstrates expressions with brackets using BODMAS rule.

Pupils follow and ask questions.

Step 3 - Solving Examples

Solves (3x + 2) – (x – 1), and others using symbols and brackets.

Pupils solve with teacher guidance.

Step 4 - Note Taking

Writes rules and solved examples.

Pupils copy and practice.

NOTE ON BOARD:

  • (2x + 3) – (x + 1) = x + 2
    • (5a – 2) + (3a + 4) = 8a + 2
    • Always simplify brackets first using BODMAS.

 

EVALUATION (5 exercises):

  1. Simplify: (4x + 2) – (2x + 1)
  2. (6a – 3) + (a + 5)
  3. (7x + 4) – (2x – 1)
  4. (3p + 6) ÷ 3
  5. Simplify: 2 × (x + 3)

 

CLASSWORK (5 questions):

  1. (10y + 5) – (4y + 2)
  2. (8a – 3) + (2a + 6)
  3. 3 × (x – 2)
  4. (5m + 4) ÷ 2
  5. Simplify: (6x – 3) – (2x + 1)

 

ASSIGNMENT (5 tasks):

  1. Translate into expression: “Triple a number plus five”
  2. Solve: 2(x + 4)
  3. Simplify: (3a – 2) + (2a + 1)
  4. Create a bracket expression with at least 2 terms
  5. Identify symbols and terms in: (4x – 3) + (x + 5)

 

PERIOD 5: Solving Quantitative Aptitude Problems Using Brackets & Symbols

PRESENTATION:

Step

Teacher’s Activity

Pupil’s Activity

Step 1 - Introduction

Introduces word problems that require algebra.

Pupils listen and ask questions.

Step 2 - Explanation

Demonstrates how to extract expressions from word problems.

Pupils watch and ask questions.

Step 3 - Problem-solving

Solves word problems using algebra (e.g. “A number plus 5 is 12, find the number”).

Pupils solve and discuss.

EVALUATION (5 questions):

  1. A number minus 4 is equal to 10. What is the number?
  2. Solve: 2x + 3 = 11
  3. A bag and a book cost ₦x and ₦y. If x = 500 and y = 700, find total cost.
  4. Solve: (x – 3) + (2x + 4) = 14
  5. The sum of a number and twice itself is 21. Find the number.

 

CLASSWORK (5 tasks):

  1. A number doubled and increased by 5 gives 15. Find the number.
  2. If x = 6, find value of: 3x + 2
  3. A book costs ₦x, a pen costs ₦y. Express total cost of 2 books and 3 pens.
  4. Solve: 4(x + 2) = 20
  5. Find x if: x – 5 = 9

 

ASSIGNMENT (5 tasks):

  1. Write 3 word problems requiring brackets and symbols.
  2. Solve: (2x + 3) = 11
  3. A man buys 3 shirts at ₦x and 2 trousers at ₦y. Write an expression for total cost.
  4. Solve: (3a – 1) + (a + 5) = 16

Create your own story problem that leads to: 2x – 3 = 9