History - Junior Secondary 1 - Hausa states

TERM: 2^ND TERM

WEEK: 7 and 8

CLASS: Junior Secondary School 1

AGE: 12 years

DURATION: 40 minutes

DATE:

SUBJECT: History

TOPIC: Hausa states

SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES: At the end of the lesson, the learners should be able to

1. ) Locate the Hausa states
2. ) Describe the formation of Hausa states
3. ) State the factors involved in the development of Hausa states
4. ) Describe the socio-political structures of Hausa states
5. ) Describe the economic activities of the Hausa people

INSTRUCTIONAL TECHNIQUES: Identification, explanation, questions and answers, demonstration, story-telling, videos from source

INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS: Basic History for Junior Secondary Schools 1 by Ijeoma E.O

INSTRUCTIONAL PROCEDURES:

WEEK 7

NOTE

HAUSA STATES

Location of the Hausa States:

The Hausa states are located in the northern region of Nigeria. This region includes several city-states, such as Kano, Katsina, Zaria (Zazzau), Gobir, and Daura, among others. These states were situated along trade routes that facilitated commerce and cultural exchange with other regions, including North Africa.

Formation of Hausa States:

   The formation of the Hausa states dates back to the 11th century when various ethnic groups and communities began to settle in the region. The Hausa people are believed to have originally migrated from the Sahel region and settled in the area, establishing agricultural and trading communities. Over time, these communities coalesced into independent city-states, each with its own ruler and governance structure. The emergence of trade routes and the influence of Islam in the 14th century further facilitated the growth of these city-states, leading to political consolidation and the establishment of centralized authority in each state.

Factors Involved in the Development of Hausa States:

   - Trade and Commerce: The strategic location of the Hausa states along trans-Saharan trade routes allowed for the exchange of goods, such as textiles, metalwork, and agricultural products, leading to economic prosperity and political power.

   - Islamic Influence: The introduction of Islam provided a unifying religious framework that influenced governance, education, and culture. Islamic scholars and traders played significant roles in the administration and development of the Hausa states.

   - Agricultural Development: The fertile land in the region facilitated agriculture, allowing the Hausa states to produce surplus food, which supported population growth and urbanization.

   - Political Organization: The establishment of centralized political structures and leadership, such as the Emirate system, helped to maintain order and govern the growing populations in the Hausa states.

   - Cultural Exchange: Interaction with neighboring regions, including the exchange of ideas, technologies, and cultural practices, contributed to the development of a rich and diverse Hausa culture.

EVALUATION:   

1. Where are the Hausa states located in Nigeria, and what key city-states are included in this region?
2. What were the key factors that led to the formation of the Hausa states, and how did trade routes influence their development?
3. In what ways did the introduction of Islam impact the governance and culture of the Hausa states?
4. How did agricultural development contribute to the growth and stability of the Hausa states?
5. What role did centralized political structures play in the administration and governance of the Hausa states

CLASSWORK: As in evaluation

CONCLUSION: The teacher marks their books and commends them positively

WEEK 8

NOTE

HAUSA STATES

Socio-Political Structures of Hausa States:

   The socio-political structures of the Hausa states were characterized by a combination of centralized authority and local governance systems. Key features include:

- Emirate System: Each Hausa state was ruled by an Emir, who held significant political, military, and religious authority. The Emir was often considered the representative of the Islamic faith in the region and played a crucial role in maintaining law and order.

   - Council of Elders: Emirs were usually advised by a council of elders or chiefs, who represented various clans and communities within the state. This council helped in decision-making and governance, ensuring local interests were considered.

   - Administrative Divisions: Hausa states were often divided into districts or provinces, each governed by local chiefs or officials appointed by the Emir. This administrative structure helped manage resources and maintain control over larger territories.

   - Social Hierarchy: The society was stratified, with a clear hierarchy. At the top were the Emirs and nobility, followed by wealthy traders, artisans, farmers, and at the bottom, lower-class individuals and slaves.

   - Islamic Law: The legal system in Hausa states was influenced by Islamic law (Sharia), which governed personal and community matters, reinforcing the socio-political authority of the Emir and the Islamic scholars.

Economic Activities of the Hausa People:

   The Hausa people engaged in various economic activities that contributed to their prosperity and development. Key activities include:

   - Agriculture: The Hausa people were primarily agrarian, cultivating crops such as millet, sorghum, rice, yams, and legumes. Agriculture was the backbone of their economy, providing food for local consumption and trade.

   - Trade and Commerce: The Hausa states were major trading hubs, participating in both local and trans-Saharan trade. They traded goods such as textiles, leather, grains, and crafts, often exchanging them for imported items like salt, horses, and manufactured goods from North Africa and Europe.

   - Craftsmanship: The Hausa were skilled artisans, producing textiles, pottery, leather goods, and metalwork. These crafts were not only essential for local consumption but also served as valuable trade commodities.

   - Market Centers: Each Hausa state had vibrant market centers where traders from different regions converged. These markets facilitated economic exchange and cultural interaction among various ethnic groups.

   - Livestock Rearing: The Hausa people also engaged in animal husbandry, raising cattle, goats, sheep, and poultry, which provided food, trade goods, and labor for agricultural activities.

EVALUATION:   

1. What is the role of the Emir in the governance of Hausa states, and how does the Emirate system function?
2. How does the council of elders influence the decision-making process in the socio-political structure of Hausa states?
3. Describe the social hierarchy in Hausa society. What roles do different classes play within the community?
4. In what ways do agriculture and trade contribute to the economic prosperity of the Hausa people?
5. How do the craftsmanship skills of the Hausa people enhance their economic activities and influence their trade relations with other regions?

CLASSWORK: As in evaluation

CONCLUSION: The teacher marks their books and commends them positively