Lesson Notes By Weeks and Term - Junior Secondary 1

HIV/AIDS I

Get it on Google Play
Get it on the Apple App Store
  1. Home
  2. Lesson Notes By Weeks and Term
  3. Junior Secondary 1
  4. HIV/AIDS I

TERM – 2ND TERM

WEEK FIVE

Class: Junior Secondary School 1

Age: 12 years

Duration: 40 minutes of 5 periods each

Date:

Subject: BASIC SCIENCE

Topic: HIV/AIDS –I

SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES: At the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to

  1. Describe HIV/AIDS
  2. I Identify the difference between HIV/AIDS
  3. Identify the mode of transmission of HIV/AIDS
  4. Identify the behaviors that put People at Risk
  5. Identify the preventive measures for HIV/AIDS

INSTRUCTIONAL TECHNIQUES: Identification, explanation, questions and answers,

demonstration, videos from source

INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS: Videos, loud speaker, textbook, pictures,

INSTRUCTIONAL PROCEDURES

PERIOD 1-2

PRESENTATION

TEACHER’S ACTIVITY

STUDENT’S

ACTIVITY

STEP 1

INTRODUCTION

The teacher explains the meaning of HIV/AIDS

Students pay

attention

STEP 2

EXPLANATION

Teacher discusses the differences between HIV/AIDS and identify the mode of transmission of HIV/AIDS.

Students pay

attention and

participate

 

STEP 3

DEMONSTRATION

Teacher describe  the behaviors that put Peope at Risk and suggest the preventive measures for HIV/AIDS

Students pay

attention and

participate

STEP 4

NOTE TAKING

The teacher writes a summarized

note on the board

The students

copy the note in

their books

 

NOTE

HIV/AIDS –I

Meaning of HIV/ AIDS

HIV stands for Human Immunodeficiency Virus. It is a virus that attacks the body's immune system, specifically targeting CD4 cells (T cells), which help the immune system fight off infections. HIV can lead to AIDS if left untreated.

AIDS stands for Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome. It is the final stage of HIV infection, characterized by a severely weakened immune system, making the individual vulnerable to opportunistic infections and certain cancers.

Difference between HIV/AIDS:

HIV

AIDS

HIV is the virus that causes AIDS

HIV infection occurs first, and if left untreated, it can progress to AIDS.

HIV is a virus

AIDS is a medical condition or syndrome.

HIV can be asymptomatic in its early stages, meaning the infected person may not experience any symptoms for years

 AIDS is characterized by severe immune deficiency and the presence of opportunistic infections or certain cancers

HIV can be managed with antiretroviral therapy (ART), which helps control the virus and prevent progression to AIDS.

There is currently no cure for HIV or AIDS.

 HIV infection is diagnosed through blood tests that detect the presence of HIV antibodies or viral RNA.

 

 AIDS is diagnosed based on specific criteria, including low CD4 cell count and the presence of opportunistic infections or certain cancers,

 

Mode of Transmission of HIV

HIV is primarily transmitted through:

  1. Unprotected sexual intercourse: Transmission can occur through vaginal, anal, or oral sex with an infected partner, especially if condoms or other barrier methods are not used.
  2. Sharing needles or syringes: Injecting drugs with needles or syringes that have been used by someone with HIV can transmit the virus.
  3. Perinatal transmission: HIV can be transmitted from an infected mother to her child during pregnancy, childbirth, or breastfeeding.
  4. Blood transfusion or organ transplantation: Although rare, HIV can be transmitted through blood transfusions, organ transplants, or other procedures involving the transfer of blood or tissues from an infected donor.
  5. Occupational exposure: Healthcare workers or others may be at risk of HIV transmission through accidental needlesticks or exposure to infected blood or body fluids in healthcare settings.

Behaviors that put People at Risk of HIV Transmission

  1. Engaging in unprotected vaginal, anal, or oral sex with an infected partner or with multiple partners increases the risk of HIV transmission.
  2. Sharing needles, syringes, or other drug paraphernalia with someone who has HIV can transmit the virus.
  3. Having multiple sexual partners or having sex with individuals who have multiple partners increases the likelihood of exposure to HIV.
  4. Individuals involved in sex work may face an increased risk of HIV transmission due to frequent sexual contact with multiple partners and inconsistent condom use.
  5. Pregnant women with HIV who do not receive treatment or take precautions to prevent transmission to their babies are at risk of transmitting the virus to their infants during pregnancy, childbirth, or breastfeeding..

Prevention of HIV/AIDS

Preventing HIV/AIDS involves a combination of strategies aimed at reducing the risk of transmission and promoting awareness and access to testing and treatment. Key prevention measures include:

  1. Using condoms consistently and correctly during vaginal, anal, and oral sex can significantly reduce the risk of HIV transmission.
  2. Regular HIV testing is crucial for early detection and treatment. Knowing one's HIV status allows individuals to take appropriate steps to protect themselves and their partners.
  3. Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP): PrEP is a preventive medication taken by HIV-negative individuals to reduce their risk of HIV infection.
  4. People living with HIV who are on effective antiretroviral therapy (ART) can achieve viral suppression, reducing the amount of HIV in their blood to undetectable levels.
  5. Promoting comprehensive sex education, raising awareness about HIV/AIDS, combating stigma and discrimination, and empowering individuals to make informed decisions about their sexual health are essential components of HIV prevention efforts.

EVALUATION: 1. Differentiate between HIV/AIDS

  1. Mention 5 modes of transmission of HIV/AIDS
  2. Identify 5 behaviors that put people at risk to contacting HIV/AIDS
  3. Identify 5 preventive measures of HIV/AIDS

CLASSWORK: As in evaluation

CONCLUSION: The teacher commends the students positively