Lesson Notes By Weeks and Term - Junior Secondary 1

TERM – 2^ND TERM

WEEK THREE

Class: Junior Secondary School 1

Age: 12 years

Duration: 40 minutes of 5 periods each

Date:

Subject: BASIC SCIENCE

Topic: ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION –II

SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES: At the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to

1. Identify the consequences of pollution such as respiratory tract Infection
2. Define Water Borne Disease
3. Describe the destruction of Soil Organisms and Poor plant yield.
4. Identify the control Measures for destruction of soil organisms and poor plant yield.

INSTRUCTIONAL TECHNIQUES: Identification, explanation, questions and answers,

demonstration, videos from source

INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS: Videos, loud speaker, textbook, pictures,

INSTRUCTIONAL PROCEDURES

PERIOD 1-2

NOTE

ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION –II

Consequences of Pollution such as Respiratory Tract Infection

The following are the consequences of Pollution particularly to the respiratory tract infection:

1. Asthma: Air pollutants such as particulate matter, nitrogen dioxide, sulfur dioxide, and ozone can trigger asthma attacks and exacerbate symptoms in individuals with asthma.
2. Bronchitis: Inhalation of pollutants such as particulate matter and sulfur dioxide can irritate the airways and lead to acute or chronic bronchitis, characterized by inflammation of the bronchial tubes.
3. Pneumonia: Exposure to air pollution, particularly in areas with high levels of particulate matter and air pollutants, can weaken the immune system and increase susceptibility to respiratory infections such as pneumonia.

Waterborne diseases

Waterborne diseases are illnesses caused by pathogenic microorganisms that are transmitted through contaminated water. These diseases occur when water sources, such as rivers, lakes, ponds, wells, or municipal water supplies, become contaminated with human or animal feces containing disease-causing pathogens.

Common examples of waterborne diseases include cholera, typhoid fever, dysentery, hepatitis A, giardiasis, cryptosporidiosis, and norovirus infection. Symptoms of waterborne diseases can vary widely but often include gastrointestinal symptoms such as diarrhea, vomiting, abdominal cramps, and fever.

Preventing waterborne diseases involves ensuring access to safe and clean drinking water, implementing proper sanitation and hygiene practices, treating and disinfecting water sources, and improving wastewater management and sewage treatment systems.

Destruction of Soil Organisms and Poor Plant Yield.

The destruction of soil organisms and poor plant yield can result from various factors, including pollution, improper land management practices, soil degradation, and loss of biodiversity. To address these issues and improve soil health and plant yield, several control measures can be implemented:

1. Adopting conservation agriculture practices such as minimal tillage, crop rotation, and cover cropping helps preserve soil structure, reduce erosion, and enhance soil fertility.
2. Transitioning to organic farming methods reduces reliance on synthetic fertilizers and pesticides, which can harm soil organisms and disrupt soil ecosystems.
3. Applying organic amendments such as compost, manure, and biochar to the soil improves soil structure, enhances nutrient availability, and supports beneficial microbial activity.
4. Implementing IPM strategies helps manage pests, diseases, and weeds while minimizing the use of synthetic pesticides that can harm soil organisms and disrupt soil health
5. Adopting soil conservation practices such as terracing, contour farming, and agroforestry helps prevent soil erosion, conserve soil moisture, and protect soil organisms and biodiversity.
6. Regular soil testing and monitoring help assess soil health parameters such as nutrient levels, pH, organic matter content, and microbial activity.

EVALUATION: 1. Identify 3 consequences of pollution such as respiratory tract Infection

2. What is waterborne diseases?
3. Identify 5 control Measures for destruction of soil organisms and poor plant yield.

CLASSWORK: As in evaluation

CONCLUSION: The teacher commends the students positively