Lesson Notes By Weeks and Term - Junior Secondary 1

TERM – 1^ST TERM

WEEK NINE

Class: Junior Secondary School 1

Age: 12 years

Duration: 40 minutes of 5 periods each

Date:

Subject: BASIC SCIENCE

Topic:  FAMILY HEALTH –III

SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES: At the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to

1. Define Drug, Drug and Substance Abuse, Addiction and Misuse
2. Identify the sources of drugs and give examples
3. Identify the uses and side effects of drugs

INSTRUCTIONAL TECHNIQUES: Identification, explanation, questions and answers,

demonstration, videos from source

INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS: Videos, loud speaker, textbook, pictures,

INSTRUCTIONAL PROCEDURES

PERIOD 1-2

NOTE

 FAMILY HEALTH –III

Meaning of drug

Drug is a substance, whether natural or synthetic, that affects the body's functions when consumed. Drugs can be legal, such as prescription medications, or illegal, such as heroin or cocaine.

Drug and Substance Abuse refers to the misuse or excessive use of drugs or substances, often leading to negative consequences on physical health, mental well-being, relationships, and social functioning.

 Addiction is a complex condition characterized by compulsive drug use despite harmful consequences. It involves changes in the brain's structure and function, leading to intense cravings for the substance and difficulty controlling its use.

Drug misuse refers to using a drug or substance in a way other than prescribed or intended. This can include taking higher doses, taking it more frequently, using it for non-medical purposes, or combining it with other substances inappropriately.

Examples and Sources of Drugs

1. Prescription Medications: These are drugs prescribed by healthcare professionals to treat various medical conditions. Sources include pharmacies and medical facilities.
2. Alcohol: While not traditionally thought of as a drug, alcohol is a psychoactive substance with potential for abuse. It is legal for adults in many countries and is commonly available in liquor stores, bars, and restaurants.
3. Tobacco: Another legal but addictive substance, tobacco contains nicotine, which is a stimulant. It is primarily consumed through smoking cigarettes or cigars, as well as using smokeless tobacco products like chewing tobacco.
4. Cannabis: With changing legal status in many places, cannabis refers to marijuana and its derivatives. It can be obtained legally from dispensaries in regions where it's permitted or illegally through illicit channels.
5. Hallucinogens: These drugs alter perception, thoughts, and feelings. Examples include LSD, psilocybin (magic mushrooms), and peyote.
6. Opioids: These drugs are primarily used for pain relief but can also induce euphoria. Examples include morphine, oxycodone, and fentanyl. They can be obtained through prescriptions or illegally.
7. Stimulants: These drugs increase alertness, attention, and energy. Examples include amphetamines and cocaine. They can be obtained through prescriptions or illegally.

Uses of drugs

The uses of drugs vary widely depending on the type of drug. Here are some common uses:

1. Many drugs are prescribed by healthcare professionals to treat medical conditions. 2. Analgesic drugs, such as opioids, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), and acetaminophen, are used to alleviate pain caused by various conditions, injuries, or surgeries.
2. Psychotropic medications, including antidepressants, antipsychotics, anxiolytics, and mood stabilizers, are used to manage mental health disorders like depression, anxiety, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, and others.
3. Drugs are often prescribed to manage chronic conditions such as diabetes, hypertension, asthma, and epilepsy, helping to control symptoms and prevent complications.
4. Some drugs are used for preventive purposes, such as vaccines to prevent infectious diseases, statins to reduce the risk of heart disease, and contraceptives to prevent pregnancy.
5. Drugs are used to induce anesthesia during surgeries and medical procedures, ensuring patients are unconscious and pain-free.

Side effects of drugs

The side effects of drugs can vary widely depending on the specific medication, dosage, individual characteristics, and other factors. Here are some common side effects associated with drug use:

1. Many drugs can cause gastrointestinal side effects such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, constipation, and abdominal pain.
2. Some medications, particularly those that affect the central nervous system, can cause drowsiness, lethargy, and fatigue.
3. Drugs that affect blood pressure or brain function may lead to dizziness, lightheadedness, and a feeling of instability.
4. Headaches are a common side effect of various medications, especially those that affect blood flow or brain chemistry.
5. Certain medications may affect appetite, leading to changes in weight, either weight gain or weight loss.
6. Drugs that affect the central nervous system or alter neurotransmitter levels can disrupt sleep patterns and lead to insomnia or other sleep disturbances.
7. Certain drugs can interfere with sexual function, leading to decreased libido, erectile dysfunction, or difficulty achieving orgasm.
8. Some medications, particularly opioids and sedatives, can suppress respiratory function and may cause breathing difficulties or respiratory depression.
9. Certain drugs may affect heart function, leading to changes in heart rate, blood pressure, or rhythm.

EVALUATION: 1. Define Drug and drug abuse.

2. Mention with examples, 5 sources of drugs
3. Mention 5 uses of drugs
4. Identify 5 side effects of drugs.

CLASSWORK: As in evaluation

CONCLUSION: The teacher commends the students positively