Mathematics - Junior Secondary 1 - Fractions (continued)

Fractions (continued)

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TERM: 1ST TERM

WEEK 8

Class: Junior Secondary School 1
Age: 12 years
Duration: 40 minutes of 5 periods
Subject: Mathematics
Topic: Fractions (Continued)
Focus:
i. Multiplication and Division of Fractions
ii. Prime Numbers and Factors

SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES:
By the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:

  1. Multiply and divide fractions correctly.
  2. Identify numerators and denominators in operations.
  3. Find prime numbers between 1 and 100.
  4. Identify and list factors of numbers.
  5. Apply prime factorization in fraction simplification.

INSTRUCTIONAL TECHNIQUES:
• Demonstration
• Guided practice
• Group discussion
• Real-life application
• Question and answer

INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS:
• Fraction strips
• Charts showing prime numbers
• Worksheets
• Flashcards
• Factor trees

 

PERIOD 1 & 2: Multiplication and Division of Fractions

PRESENTATION:

Step

Teacher’s Activity

Pupil’s Activity

Step 1 - Introduction

Reviews addition and subtraction, introduces multiplication.

Pupils respond.

Step 2 - Explanation

Demonstrates: Multiply tops (numerators), multiply bottoms (denominators).

Pupils observe.

Step 3 - Division

Shows: Invert second fraction and multiply.

Pupils practice with guidance.

Step 4 - Note Taking

Writes rules and examples on board.

Pupils copy.

NOTE ON BOARD:
• 2/3 × 3/4 = 6/12 = 1/2
• 5/6 ÷ 2/3 = 5/6 × 3/2 = 15/12 = 1¼

EVALUATION (5 exercises):

  1. 1/2 × 2/5
  2. 3/4 × 4/7
  3. 2/3 ÷ 1/3
  4. 5/6 ÷ 1/2
  5. 3/8 × 2/3

CLASSWORK (5 questions):

  1. 3/5 × 4/9
  2. 2/3 ÷ 2/5
  3. 1/4 × 1/2
  4. 6/7 ÷ 3/4
  5. 5/8 × 3/10

ASSIGNMENT (5 tasks):

  1. Solve 5 fraction multiplication problems
  2. Solve 3 division problems
  3. Write out steps clearly
  4. Create 2 word problems using multiplication and division of fractions
  5. Solve and simplify

 

PERIOD 3 & 4: Prime Numbers and Factors

PRESENTATION:

Step

Teacher’s Activity

Pupil’s Activity

Step 1 - Introduction

Defines prime and composite numbers.

Pupils listen and ask questions.

Step 2 - Explanation

Uses sieve of Eratosthenes to show primes.

Pupils participate.

Step 3 - Factorization

Demonstrates using factor trees.

Pupils create trees for given numbers.

Step 4 - Note Taking

Writes examples of prime numbers and factors.

Pupils copy.

NOTE ON BOARD:
• Prime numbers: 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, …
• Factors of 24 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 3
• Factor tree:

       24 

     /   \ 

    12    2 

   / \ 

  6   2 

 / \ 

3   2 

EVALUATION (5 exercises):

  1. List all prime numbers between 1 and 50
  2. Write factors of 36
  3. Draw a factor tree for 60
  4. Is 91 prime?
  5. Prime factorization of 72

CLASSWORK (5 questions):

  1. Prime numbers from 1–30
  2. Factors of 48
  3. Factor tree for 100
  4. Circle primes: 13, 22, 27, 19, 11
  5. Write 3 composite numbers

ASSIGNMENT (5 tasks):

  1. Write 10 prime numbers
  2. Find LCM of 12 and 18 using prime factors
  3. Create a factor tree for 84
  4. List 5 composite numbers

Write 2 differences between prime and composite numbers