Mathematics - Junior Secondary 1 - Meaning, Types (Proper, Improper), Mixed Numbers

Meaning, Types (Proper, Improper), Mixed Numbers

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TERM: 1ST TERM

WEEK 4

Class: Junior Secondary School 1
Age: 12 years
Duration: 40 minutes of 5 periods
Subject: Mathematics
Topic: Fractions
Focus: Meaning, Types (Proper, Improper), Mixed Numbers

SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES:

By the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:

  1. Explain the meaning of fractions.
  2. Identify and classify types of fractions.
  3. Convert improper fractions to mixed numbers and vice versa.
  4. Represent fractions using diagrams.
  5. Apply knowledge in real-life sharing scenarios.

 

INSTRUCTIONAL TECHNIQUES:

  • Explanation
  • Real-life examples
  • Guided practice
  • Visual aids
  • Group discussion

 

INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS:

  • Fraction strips
  • Pizza or cake cut-outs
  • Charts
  • Flashcards
  • Worksheets
  • Whiteboard and marker

 

PERIOD 1 & 2: Meaning and Types of Fractions

PRESENTATION:

Step

Teacher’s Activity

Pupil’s Activity

Step 1 – Introduction

Introduces fractions as part of a whole (e.g. sharing food).

Pupils listen and share experiences.

Step 2 – Explanation

Explains types: proper, improper, unit fractions.

Pupils identify types of fractions.

Step 3 – Demonstration

Uses paper cutouts to show ½, ¾, 5/4, etc.

Pupils observe and explain.

Step 4 - Note Taking

Teacher writes definitions and examples.

Pupils copy.

NOTE ON BOARD:

  • Proper fraction: numerator < denominator → 2/3
  • Improper: numerator > denominator → 5/4
  • Unit fraction: numerator = 1 → 1/5

EVALUATION (5 tasks):
Identify the type:

  1. 4/5
  2. 7/3
  3. 1/6
  4. 9/9
  5. 11/10

CLASSWORK:

  1. Define proper and improper fractions
  2. Give 2 examples of each
  3. Write 3 unit fractions
  4. Draw a shape and divide into 4 equal parts. Shade 3/4
  5. Is 6/4 proper or improper?

ASSIGNMENT:

  1. Write 5 fractions seen in daily life
  2. Classify each as proper or improper
  3. Draw any 2
  4. Write in words (e.g., 3/4 – three quarters)
  5. Identify real-life example of fraction

 

PERIOD 3 & 4: Mixed Numbers

PRESENTATION:

Step

Teacher’s Activity

Pupil’s Activity

Step 1 - Introduction

Shows how improper fractions turn into whole + part

Pupils watch and comment

Step 2 - Explanation

Explains mixed numbers (e.g. 1½ = 3/2)

Pupils take notes

Step 3 - Practice

Converts with class: 7/4 = 1¾, 2½ = 5/2

Pupils try on board

Step 4 - Note Taking

Writes key steps. Pupils copy.

Pupils practice

NOTE ON BOARD:

  • 7/4 = 1¾
  • Mixed → Improper: 2⅓ = (3×2+1)/3 = 7/3

EVALUATION:

  1. Convert 9/2 to mixed number
  2. Convert 3⅓ to improper
  3. Change 5/3 to mixed
  4. 4⅔ = ___/3
  5. Convert 11/4

CLASSWORK:

  1. Convert: 2¾ → improper
  2. Convert: 17/5 → mixed
  3. Change 3⅕ to improper
  4. Change 13/6 to mixed
  5. Draw 2½ using shapes

ASSIGNMENT:

  1. Write 3 mixed numbers
  2. Convert to improper
  3. Write 3 improper fractions
  4. Convert to mixed

Use any to write a short story