Lesson Notes By Weeks and Term - Junior Secondary 1

TERM – 1^ST TERM

WEEK THREE

Class: Junior Secondary School 1

Age: 12 years

Duration: 40 minutes of 5 periods each

Date:

Subject: BASIC SCIENCE

Topic:  LIVING AND NON LIVING THINGS –III

SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES: At the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to

1. Identify the difference between plants and animals
2. Identify the properties of living and Non living things
3. Identify the uses and importance of living and Non living things.

INSTRUCTIONAL TECHNIQUES: Identification, explanation, questions and answers,

demonstration, videos from source

INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS: Videos, loud speaker, textbook, pictures,

INSTRUCTIONAL PROCEDURES

PERIOD 1-2

PRESENTATION	TEACHER’S ACTIVITY	STUDENT’S ACTIVITY
STEP 1 INTRODUCTION	The teacher discusses the difference between plants and animals	Students pay attention
STEP 2 EXPLANATION	Teacher identify and discuss the properties of living and Non living things.	Students pay attention and participate
STEP 3 DEMONSTRATION	Teacher highlight and discuss the uses and importance of living and Non living things.	Students pay attention and participate
STEP 4 NOTE TAKING	The teacher writes a summarized note on the board	The students copy the note in their books

 

NOTE

 LIVING AND NON LIVING THINGS –III

Differences between Plants and Animals.

Plants	Animals
Plants are autotrophic, meaning they produce their own food through photosynthesis.	Animals are heterotrophic, relying on consuming other organisms for energy.
Plants have cell walls made of cellulose, providing structural support.	Animals lack cell walls, having a more flexible cell membrane.
Plants are generally immobile, although some exhibit movement through growth or responses to stimuli.	Animals are mobile, capable of locomotion for finding food, shelter, or mates.
Plants reproduce through both sexual (pollination) and asexual (vegetative propagation) means.	Animals primarily reproduce sexually, involving the union of gametes from two parents.
Plants respond to stimuli slowly, often through growth movements or chemical signaling.	Animals respond to stimuli quickly, often through nervous system signaling and muscular action.
Plants inhabit terrestrial and aquatic environments.	Animals inhabit terrestrial, aquatic, and aerial environments.
Plants respire through stomata and/or specialized cells, exchanging gases with the environment.	Animals have respiratory organs such as lungs or gills for gas exchange.
Plants grow continuously throughout their life cycle.	Animals typically stop growing after reaching maturity.

 

Living things

Living things are organisms or a life form that possesses or shows the characteristics of life or being alive.

 Examples of Living Things: Plants( Trees, flowers, grass). Animals (Dogs, cats, birds, fish), Microorganisms ( Bacteria, fungi, protists), Humans (Homo sapiens.)

 Properties of Living Things

1. Organization: Living things are made up of cells.
2. Metabolism: They require energy to maintain life processes.
3. Growth: Living things grow and develop.
4. Reproduction: They reproduce to create offspring.
5. Response to Stimuli: They respond to their environment.
6. Homeostasis: They maintain internal stability.
7. Adaptation: They evolve over time to better survive in their environment.

Uses and Importance of Living Things

1. Plants and animals provide food for humans and other organisms.
2. Many medicines are derived from plants, animals, and microorganisms.
3. Living things play crucial roles in maintaining ecosystems, such as pollination, decomposition, and nutrient cycling.
4. Plants produce oxygen through photosynthesis, which is essential for life.
5. Living things contribute to the biodiversity of the planet, which is important for ecosystem resilience and stability.
6. Studying living things helps us understand biology, genetics, ecology, and many other fields.
7. Many people enjoy observing and interacting with living things for leisure and aesthetic purposes, such as birdwatching or gardening.

Non living things

Non-living things are those lacking the characteristics of life. Examples of Non-Living Things: Rocks ( Granite, limestone, sandstone.), Metals (Iron, copper, aluminum.), Water( H2O in its liquid form.), Minerals (Quartz, diamond, gold.), Artificial Materials (Plastic, glass, concrete).

Properties of Non-Living Things

1. Non-living things lack the characteristics of living organisms, such as metabolism and reproduction.
2. They have properties like mass, volume, density, and conductivity.
3. They are made up of elements and compounds.
4. Non-living things can persist for long periods without undergoing changes characteristic of living organisms.
5. Non-living things do not grow, develop, or evolve.

Uses and Importance of Non-Living Things

1. Non-living materials like bricks, steel, and concrete are essential for constructing infrastructure and buildings.

2. Non-living objects such as machines, vehicles, and appliances assist humans in various tasks.
3. Non-living resources like fossil fuels, wind, and solar power provide energy for human activities.
4. Vehicles, roads, and transportation infrastructure facilitate the movement of goods and people.
5. Non-living materials are used in manufacturing processes to produce goods ranging from electronics to clothing.
6. Non-living devices such as smartphones, computers, and satellites enable communication over long distances.
7. Non-living objects like paintings, sculptures, and architecture contribute to cultural expression and aesthetics.

EVALUATION: 1. In a tabular form ientify 5 differences between plants and animals.

2. Mention 5 uses and importance of living things
3. Mention 5 uses and importance of Non living things.

CLASSWORK: As in evaluation

CONCLUSION: The teacher commends the students positively