Mathematics - Junior Secondary 1 - Estimation

Estimation

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TERM: 1ST TERM

WEEK 10

Class: Junior Secondary School 1
Age: 12 years
Duration: 40 minutes of 5 periods
Subject: Mathematics
Topic: Estimation
Focus: Capacity, Mass, Age, Time, and Quantitative Reasoning

SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES:

By the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:

  1. Estimate the capacity of containers.
  2. Estimate the mass (weight) of different objects.
  3. Estimate other quantities like age and time.
  4. Apply estimation in solving reasoning problems.
  5. Distinguish between close and far estimations.

 

INSTRUCTIONAL TECHNIQUES:

  • Hands-on demonstration
  • Use of real-life examples
  • Group discussions
  • Guided problem-solving
  • Brainstorming

 

INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS:

  • Measuring cups
  • Water bottles and containers
  • Common household objects
  • Sandbags/boxes
  • Charts and visuals
  • Whiteboard and marker

 

PERIOD 1 & 2: Estimating Capacity and Mass

PRESENTATION:

Step

Teacher’s Activity

Pupil’s Activity

Step 1 – Introduction

Explains the idea of capacity and mass.

Pupils listen and contribute.

Step 2 – Demonstration

Uses cups and bottles to estimate and compare.

Pupils estimate and test.

Step 3 – Object Handling

Pupils estimate weights of objects by holding them.

Pupils guess and record.

Step 4 – Note Taking

Teacher summarizes key points.

Pupils take notes.

NOTE ON BOARD:

  • Capacity is how much a container can hold.
  • Mass is the amount of matter in an object (its weight).
  • Use clues like size and feel to estimate.

EVALUATION (5 questions):

  1. What is capacity?
  2. Estimate how much water a bucket can hold.
  3. Estimate the weight of your school bag.
  4. Which is heavier: your shoe or your maths textbook?
  5. Why is estimation useful for mass and capacity?

CLASSWORK (5 questions):

  1. Estimate the mass of a 1-litre bottle of water.
  2. Estimate how much a lunch box weighs.
  3. Estimate the capacity of your water bottle.
  4. Estimate how many cups fill a small bucket.
  5. Estimate the mass of a school chair.

ASSIGNMENT (5 tasks):

  1. Estimate the weight of 3 household items.
  2. Check their real weight (if possible).
  3. Estimate how many cups will fill a 10-litre bucket.
  4. Record your estimation and real measurements.
  5. Write what you learnt about estimating capacity and mass.

 

PERIOD 3: Estimating Age, Time, and Others

PRESENTATION:

Step

Teacher’s Activity

Pupil’s Activity

Step 1 – Introduction

Explains estimation of non-measurable things.

Pupils listen.

Step 2 – Discussion

Asks pupils to guess teacher’s age, how long a song lasts, etc.

Pupils participate and guess.

Step 3 – Application

Pupils estimate time taken for a task.

Pupils perform and compare.

EVALUATION (5 questions):

  1. Estimate your teacher’s age.
  2. Estimate how long it takes to recite a poem.
  3. Estimate the time it takes to walk 100 meters.
  4. Estimate your friend’s age.
  5. Estimate how long a break period lasts.

CLASSWORK (5 tasks):

  1. Estimate your mother’s age.
  2. Estimate how long your last class lasted.
  3. Estimate how long it takes to eat lunch.
  4. Estimate time for writing a short story.
  5. Estimate your sibling’s age.

ASSIGNMENT (5 tasks):

  1. Estimate the age of 3 people.
  2. Ask them for their real age.
  3. Estimate the time to brush your teeth.
  4. Record real time taken.
  5. Compare estimation with actual time.

 

PERIOD 4 & 5: Quantitative Reasoning with Estimation

PRESENTATION:

Step

Teacher’s Activity

Pupil’s Activity

Step 1 – Explanation

Introduces estimation in reasoning questions.

Pupils listen and ask questions.

Step 2 – Demonstration

Solves reasoning problems involving guesswork.

Pupils observe and copy.

Step 3 – Practice

Gives 3 reasoning tasks to solve in groups.

Pupils solve and present.

EVALUATION (5 questions):

  1. Estimate: How many pages can be read in 10 minutes?
  2. Estimate: How many pencils can fit in a pencil case?
  3. Estimate: How many steps to walk 50 meters?
  4. Estimate: How much time to walk to your house?
  5. Estimate: How many cups in a 5-litre keg?

CLASSWORK (5 tasks):

  1. Estimate how many chalks are in a box.
  2. Estimate how many books fit in a shelf.
  3. Estimate number of pupils in your row.
  4. Estimate how many biscuits in a pack.
  5. Estimate time taken to write your name 50 times.

ASSIGNMENT (5 tasks):

  1. Create 2 estimation word problems.
  2. Solve the word problems.
  3. Write 2 real-life uses of estimation.
  4. Interview an adult on how they estimate.

Record your findings.