Lesson Notes By Weeks and Term - Junior Secondary 1

Reproductive system

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TERM – 1ST TERM

WEEK TEN

Class: Junior Secondary School 1

Age: 12 years

Duration: 40 minutes of 5 periods each

Date:

Subject: BASIC SCIENCE

Topic: REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM

SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES: At the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to

  1. Describe reproductive organs
  2. Identify the male and female reproductive Organs Internal and External
  3. Identify the functions and cares of male and female reproductive organs

INSTRUCTIONAL TECHNIQUES: Identification, explanation, questions and answers,

demonstration, videos from source

INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS: Videos, loud speaker, textbook, pictures,

INSTRUCTIONAL PROCEDURES

PERIOD 1-2

PRESENTATION

TEACHER’S ACTIVITY

STUDENT’S

ACTIVITY

STEP 1

INTRODUCTION

The teacher explains reproductive system in mammals and identify male and female organs for reproduction.

Students pay

attention

STEP 2

EXPLANATION

Teacher discusses the functions of male and female reproductive organs

Students pay

attention and

participate

 

STEP 3

DEMONSTRATION

Teacher describes the care for the male and female reproductive organs.

Students pay

attention and

participate

STEP 4

NOTE TAKING

The teacher writes a summarized

note on the board

The students

copy the note in

their books

 

NOTE

REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM

Reproductive Organs

Reproductive organs are specialized anatomical structures within the male and female bodies responsible for producing and delivering gametes (sperm and eggs) and facilitating sexual reproduction. These organs play crucial roles in the process of fertilization and the development of offspring.

Male Reproductive System

  1. External Organs( Penis, Scrotum)
  2. Internal Organs ( Testes, Epididymis, Vas Deferens, Seminal Vesicle, Prostate Glands)

Female Reproductive System

  1. External Organs (Vulva, Labia Majora, Labia Minora, Clitoris, Vaginal Opening, Urethral Opening)
  2. Internal Organs (Vagina, Cervix, Uterus (Womb), Fallopian Tubes, Ovaries)

Functions of the male and Female Reproductive Organs

The male and female reproductive organs have distinct functions, each playing essential roles in the process of reproduction. Here's an overview of the functions of each:

Male Reproductive Organs

  1. Testes: Produce sperm (spermatogenesis) and male sex hormones, primarily testosterone.
  2. Epididymis: Stores and matures sperm cells produced in the testes.
  3. Vas Deferens: Transports mature sperm from the epididymis to the urethra during ejaculation.
  4. Seminal Vesicles, Prostate Gland, and Bulbourethral Glands: Produce seminal fluid, which nourishes and protects sperm and aids in their transportation.
  5. Penis: Delivers sperm into the female reproductive tract during sexual intercourse.

Female Reproductive Organs

  1. Ovaries: Produce eggs (ova) through the process of ovulation and release female sex hormones, primarily estrogen and progesterone.
  2. Fallopian Tubes: Capture released eggs from the ovaries and provide a site for fertilization to occur. They transport the fertilized egg (zygote) to the uterus.
  3. Uterus (Womb): Provides a site for the implantation and development of a fertilized egg into an embryo and fetus during pregnancy. It also sheds its lining during menstruation if fertilization does not occur.
  4. Cervix: Acts as a barrier between the uterus and vagina and produces cervical mucus that changes consistency throughout the menstrual cycle to facilitate or prevent sperm passage.
  5. Vagina: Receives the penis during sexual intercourse and serves as the birth canal during childbirth. It also provides a passageway for menstrual flow to exit the body.

Care of the male and Female Reproductive Organs

Caring for male and female reproductive organs involves maintaining overall health and hygiene, preventing sexually transmitted infections (STIs), and addressing any reproductive health concerns. Here are some general care tips for both:

  1. Practice Safe Sex: Use condoms to reduce the risk of STIs and unintended pregnancies.
  2. Practice Good Hygiene: Wash the penis and scrotum regularly with mild soap and water to prevent bacterial or fungal infections. Keep the external genital area clean and dry, and avoid using harsh soaps or douches, as they can disrupt the natural balance of bacteria and increase the risk of infections
  3. Regular Self-Exams: Perform regular self-exams of the testes to check for any abnormalities such as lumps, swelling, or pain, which could indicate conditions like testicular cancer or epididymitis.
  4. Avoid Excessive Heat: Avoid prolonged exposure of the testicles to high temperatures, as it can affect sperm production. This includes avoiding hot baths, saunas, and tight-fitting underwear.
  5. Seek Medical Attention: If you experience pain, discomfort, changes in urinary habits, or sexual dysfunction, consult a healthcare professional for evaluation and treatment.
  6. Attend Regular Gynecological Check-ups: Schedule regular visits with a gynecologist for pelvic exams, Pap smears, and screenings for STIs and reproductive health issues.
  7. Use Birth Control: If you're sexually active and not planning a pregnancy, use effective contraception to prevent unintended pregnancies.

EVALUATION: 1. Identify 3 internal reproductive organs in male.

  1. Mention of the male and female reproductive organs that you know.
  2. Discuss the functions of male and female external organs.

CLASSWORK: As in evaluation

CONCLUSION: The teacher commends the students positively