Lesson Notes By Weeks and Term - Senior Secondary School 1

SUBJECT: FOOD AND NUTRITION

CLASS:  SS 1

DATE:

TERM: 3rd TERM

 
WEEK 7

TOPIC: SPECIAL NUTRITIONAL NEEDS OF INFANTS ,TODDLERS, CHILDREN AND ADOLESECENT.

INFANTS

Covers period from birth to a year. It is a period of rapid growth.

Dietary needs of infants

1. Milk and milk preparation :-are adequate sources of nourishment for the first 4-6 months of life. Breast milk is best for infants. 
2. Semi-solids :-After about four months an infant can be introduced to semi solid food. The energy needs of the infant can be supplied from special cereals such as maize or millet porridge.
3. Protein requirement is higher for growth.
4. Vitamin supplement should be added to infants food. Orange juice is a good source  of vitamin C for infants.
5. Calcium for strong bone and teeth, iron is required for production of red blood cells and to prevent anaemia.

TODDLERS

Toddlers are still growing and active, between 1 to 2 years. He /She is now able to share in most of the family dishes and requires the following:-

1. Protein:- Milk is the best source of protein  and calcium for the toddlers .They are also given lean –meats ,green leafy vegetables, internal organs(liver, kidney, heart),poultry and eggs. Where milk is scarce a mixture of vegetable protein such as soya beans should be given.
2. Vitamins:-Toddlers requires an extra supply of vitamins C, A, and D either as a special supplement in form of fruit juice and cod liver oil.
3. Carbohydrate:-A healthy toddler is active, and therefore needs energy foods, cereals and their product are excellent sources of energy. Other sources include yams, garri, potatoes.

CHILDREN

1. Their meals must be balanced, containing a good source of protein, energy, vitamins and minerals. 
2. Meals should include foods that require cleaning such as carrots.
3. Children meals should not be heavily spiced.
4. Children should be served meals in small quantities and very attractive.
5. Children foods should be served punctually and regularly.

EVALUATION.

1. Who is a toddler.
2. State the dietary requirement for a toddler.
3. Explain the nutritional needs for infants.

NUTRITIONAL NEEDS OF ADOLESCENT

      Adolescent is a boy or girl who is no longer a child and not yet a full adult. Adolescence is normally between 11-20 years of age. Adolescent is still growing therefore needs energy and growth nutrient. Adolescent, at this stage requires higher energy giving foods(cereals,and tubers,) because of the exercises they engaged in always and vitamins for  liberation of energy.They also require protein (legumes, meat, fish, and vegetables. 

      Adolescent that involve in more strenuous work needs more energy giving food than others.

Girls at this period menstruate and require iron, folic acid, vit.B12,ascorbic acid to make up the loss of blood during menstruation.      

      Adolescent should avoid too much consumption of sugar and fat to avoid being obese. 

EVALUATION

Who is an adolescent.

State the nutritional needs of an adolescent?

READING ASSIGNMENT;-

FOODS AND NUTRITION FOR SNR SEC SCH 1-3 BY OLUSANYA AND OTHERS, PGS 21-23.

WEEKEND ASSIGNMENT

1. An infant covers the period from _________to _____

1. birth to 2yrs b) birth to a yr c) birth to adolescent

1. After about ________ months infants can be introduced to semi solids foods. a) a month b) 15 month c) 4 months
2. The protein requirement of an infant is ___________ a) low b)high c) moderate.
3. ____________ is a good source of vitamin C.

a)pounded  yam b) plantain juice c) orange juice

5         Children meals should not be heavily spice a)true b)false  c) it doesn’t      matter.

THEORY

1 State the difference between an infant and a toddler.

2 Describe the nutritive requirement of an adolescent