SUBJECT: AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE

CLASS: SS1

DATE:

TERM: 3RD TERM

REFERENCES

Essential Agricultural Science for Senior Secondary Schools by O. A. Iwena
Agricultural Science WAEC PQ
Practical approach to animal production and health by Akinlade J. A. et al.
General outlook to livestock production by Akinlade J. A. et al.
Essential biology for Senior Secondary Schools by M. C. Michael
Wikipedia

WEEK SEVEN

REPRODUCTION IN FARM ANIMALS II

CONTENT

Processes of egg formation in poultry
Male and female reproductive hormones

PROCESSES OF EGG FORMATION IN POULTRY

The egg in poultry is partly formed in the ovary and in the oviduct. At ovulation the ovum carrying the yolk is released by the ovary into the oviduct through the funnel called infundibulum. Fertilization takes place in the infundibulum where the egg spends 15 minutes and moves into the magnum. In the magnum, part of the egg white (albumen) and the chalaza are secreted round the yolk. The egg stays for 3 hours in the magnum and moves into the isthmus where the two shell membranes are formed. The egg stays for 1 hour 15 minutes in the isthmus and moves into the uterus where it remains for 18 – 21 hours and the egg shell is formed from calcium carbonate. Mineral solutions are also added to the egg before it moves into the vagina whereit remains for 1 – 15 minutes before it is laid through the cloaca. A complete formation of eggs takes almost 26 hours.

EVALUATION

Describe the processes of egg formation in poultry.

Describe the reproductive system of poultry birds.

MALE AND FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE HORMONES

Hormones are organic chemical substances produced by endocrine (ductless) glands which

influence growth, development and metabolic activities in farm animals. These include

HORMONE	SEX	SITE OF SECRETION	FUNCTIONS
Testosterone/ Androgen	Male	Testes	It stimulates the development of secondary sexual characters in male. It stimulates sperm production through spermatogenesis.
Oestrogen	Female	Ovary	It stimulates the development of secondary sexual characteristics in female animals It promotes the production of ova or eggs through oogenesis. It stimulates mammary gland development
Progesterone	Female	Corpus luteum	It ensures uterus development and implantation of the fertilized ovum. It inhibits oestrus i. e. prevents ovulation. It stimulates the development of mammary gland It ensures the continuance of pregnancy.
Oxytocin	Female	Pituitary	It aids the contraction of the uterine wall during parturition. It promotes milk let-down after parturition. It aids sperm transportation in the vagina.
Relaxin	Female	Pituitary	It aids relaxation of pelvic ligaments during parturition.
Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)	Female	Pituitary	It stimulates the growth of ovarian follicle.
Luteinizing hormone	Female	Pituitary	It stimulates the secretion of oestrogen and progesterone. It causes the rupture of the follicle and the release of the ova from the follicle.

GENERAL EVALUATION

List five animal hormones and function.

What are the functions of the following in the processes of egg formation in poultry?

Ovary
Oviduct
Magnum
uterus

READING ASSIGNMENT

Essential Agricultural Science for Senior Secondary Schools by O.A. Iwena chapter 30 page 288 – 290.

Answer the following questions from WAEC PAQ 2015 theory question 4a

WEEKEND ASSIGNMENT

Which of these is not a part of the male reproductive system A. uterus masculinusB. oviduct C. testes D. vas deferens
The following except one are female reproductive hormones A.oestrogenB. progesterone C. testosterone D. oxytocin
Fertilization in poultry birds takes place in the A. infundibulum B. isthmus C.magnumD. uterus
The following except one are viviparous animals A. pig B. cattle C. turkey D. goat
The hormone responsible for the contraction of the uterine wall during parturition is known as A. oxytocin B. progesterone C. luteinizing hormone D.relaxin

THEORY

Draw and label the diagram of an egg.
List five reproductive hormones, site of secretion and their functions.

Lesson Notes By Weeks and Term - Senior Secondary School 1