Lesson Notes By Weeks and Term - Senior Secondary School 1

SUBJECT: FOOD AND NUTRITION

CLASS:  SS 1

DATE:

TERM: 1st TERM

 
WEEK 10

TOPIC: SPECIAL DIET.

CONTENT:

• VEGETARIAN
• UNDER WEIGHT.
• OVER WEIGHT

                     VEGETARIANS

Vegetarians are those people who do not eat animal flesh or fish at all.

                  TYPES OF VEGETARIANS

         There are three types of vegetarians ;-

1. Strict vegetarian :- They are also known as vagans they do not eat flesh of animal, fish poultry as well all animal product e.g. eggs, milk.etc. They eat only plant  foods.
2. Lacto-vegetarians; They are class  of people who do eat flesh of animals –fish, poultry, or eggs. They take milk and milk product together with vegetables.
3. Lacto-ovo vegetarian;These people do not eat the flesh of animals, fish, or poultry but can take animal product like egg, milk, with plant food eg vegetables

         SUGGESTED MENU FOR VEGETARIAN

      For vegans it is a difficult task to plan a balanced diet for him because their diet will lack one or two essential amino-acid as they do not take any animal flesh or animal products. However a fairly balanced diet can be obtained through judicious combination  of different plant foods eg a combination of leafy vegetables, cereals, and legumes .vegetarian should also consume well enough fresh fruit.

      Protein can be supplied  by the judicious use of some peas, beans , soya-beans rice maize , millet ,ground-nut , walnut, and chestnut etc

       Fats can be supplied  by groundnut, cocoanut, palm kernel etc

Vitamins can supplied by legumes, or  pulses, fresh fruits, cabbage spinach, water leaf, okro   etc  

Carbohydrate can be supplied by yam ,cocoa yam , potatoes ,rice, maize, surgum, milk, etc 

      For the lacto and lacto- ovo vegetarians ,the consumption of milk and products , eggs respectively will make their diet balanced. 

      For the different types of vegetarians, the following menu can be tried for;-

 strict vegetarian  

Fried plantain, beans, and vegetables stew ,fruit salad.

Lacto-vegetarian

       Coconut rice with  vegetables, milk drink.

Lacto-ovo vegetarian

       Rice and egg stew with vegetable salad milk drink   

EVALUATION

1. Define vegetarians
2. States types of vegetarians

                   UNDER WEGHT

An under weight person is one whose weight is below the standard for his/her age  or height.

He/she needs a diet high in energy and protein. They should have enough intake of proteinous foods. This will enable the tissue to be repaired.

      Also enough carbohydrate foods will increase the calories content of the diet. Foods like coffee cream, ice cream, butter ,jelly ,jam, honey, cake , candies pudding, pies, pastry, etc should also be added in the diet.

SUGGESTED MENU FOR  UNDERWEIGHT 

BREAKFAST

One orange/grape fruit

Cereal porridge with milk and sugar 1-2 eggs .

2-4 slices of bread with butter and jam or marmalade.

Tea or coffee with sugar and milk.

LUNCH/DINNER

* Meat/fish vegetable stew with pounded yam .

* Meat/fish stew with ewedu and amala.

*Meat/fish stew with okro and eba. 

  DESSERT

*Pudding

        Evaluation 

1. Who is an underweight person ?
2. List the major nutrients an underweight should need.

                  OVERWEIGHT

An overweight person is one whose weight is above normal ;They are obese. Gaining/losing weight is  a question of balancing food calories with the body’s need for calories. Therefore the diet  for overweight people should be low in calories .Foods like fats and carbohydrate should be reduced while protein intake should be higher .Fresh fruits and vegetables should be taken generously. The diet should be accompanied with regular exercise. 

                    BREAKFAST

120ml orange juices 

One boiled egg 

One slice of bread.

Coffee with a little milk (no sugar)

        LUNCH/DINNER

*Fish/meat vegetable stew with boiled beans.

*Meat ,chicken or fish vegetable stew with amala/eba.

             DESSERT

Fruit/vegetable salad.

               EVALUATION

1. Who is an overweight person?
2. Which of the nutrient should the overweight avoid.

READING ASSIGNMENT

Special diet ;-foods and nutrition for snr sec sch 1-3 by Dr J.O.Olusanya and others pgs 97-100.

                            WEEKEND ASSIGMENT

1……… are those who do not eat animal flesh at all (a)vegetarian(b)low class men

                 (c)middle class  men

2. Vegans refers to …………….(a)lacto- vegetarian (b)strict- vegetarian (c)lacto- ovo  vegetarian 
3. Carbohydrate  and  protein  are  good  sources  of  nutrient  for ……..person

        (a)overweight    (b)underweight   (c)vegetarian

4. Egg nog can be taken by a ………...(a)strict vegetarian(b)lacto-vegetarian (c)lacto-ovo vegetarian

5.Combination of cereals pulses and leafy vegetables is the best sources of protein for

       the ……..(a)lacto-vegetarian (b) strict vegetarian (c)lacto-ovo vegetarian.

                       THEORY

1. Define the following;-

               Vegetarian   

                Overweight 

                Underweight

1.    Suggest a lunch for one of the group mentioned above.