Lesson Notes By Weeks and Term - Primary 5

WEEK 10

SUBJECT: PHYSICAL AND HEALTH EDUCATION

TERM: 1^ST TERM

CLASS: PRIMARY 5

Care of the Body Parts

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Care Of The Hair

If your hair is clean, lice will not be able to live on your head. Disease germs will not be able to survive on your head too. You will not have ringworm. Boys must wash their hair everyday. You should use soap to wash your hair at least twice a week. You should comb and brush your hair properly after washing.�

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Girls who plait their hair must wash their hair every week and plait it again. You must always use a clean comb or brush when plaiting your hair. Dirty comb and brush may carry some disease germs. You may apply some hair cream to your hair to give it a good appearance. Girls should not plait their hair too tight. If you do, some of your hair will fall out. You will also have pains and headache. You must not tie other fibre (attachment) to your hair to make it longer. The fibre may contain disease germs.

Care Of The Skin

You must take your bath twice everyday. You must wash the sweat and dust from your skin everyday. If you do not, your body will smell of sweat. People will not like to come near you. Take your bath in the morning before you go to school. Take your bath again before you go to bed. Because you work and

play during the day, you must wash away the dust on your skin before you go to bed and sleep. Your clothes will not be dirty then.

You must wear clean clothes after taking your bath. This will help protect your skin from dirt and dust. You will not suffer from craw-craw. You should wash your bed clothes often: at least once a week. You should sleep on a clean bed. Germs that give craw-craw do not live on clean beds.

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The room that you sleep in should have fresh air so that your body may not sweat when you are sleeping .. You should try to keep your skin dry always.�

Advantages of a clean skin

You feel proud and happy when your skin is clean. You took attractive when your skin is clean. People will like and come near you if your skin is clean. Clean skin helps to protect the body from diseases. If your skin is dirty you might have craw-craw, scabies and ringworm.

How to keep the skin healthy

Always take a balanced diet. You should always sleep In a clean and well ventilated room. For you to help your skin to be clean, you must wear clean clothes.

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Care Of The Eye

As the eyes are very important to us, we must take proper care of them. You must protect them from injury. Now, let us recall what we learnt in Class Four about the care of our eyes. Can you remember some of them?

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You must always clean your eyes with a clean handkerchief. You must not use dirty hands to clean your eyes.

You must not use a dirty towel or a dirty handkerchief to clean your eyes. If you do, you might get an eye disease. This may lead to blindness.

You must not use sunshades or unrecommended spectacles. They could spoil your eyes.

You should not look directly at the bright light from the sun. It is too bright for your eyes and could damage them.

You should not read in dim or poor light such as moonlight, light from palm oil lamp or candles. They could spoil your eyes too.

You should not read in the sun. The bright light could damage your eyes. You must not injure other people's eyes too. If something like dust or an insect gets into your eye, you must not rub it with your dirty hands. Let someone remove it for you with a clean handkerchief. You can wash your eyes with clean water to remove the dirt or insect.

If you have eye trouble you should report to your parents who will take you to an eye specialist

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Care Of The Ear

The middle and the inner ear are very delicate. They can easily be damaged. Hence, you must not use sharp objects to clean your ears. You should not clean them too often because the wax in the ear protects it from infections.

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If the wax is too much and you want to clean it, you should use soft cotton buds. You should use the buds gently, so that. you may not damage the eardrum. We said before that we should not allow people to hit us on our ears.

You must not hit other people on their ears too. If you have earache or if pus is coming out of your ears, you should report to your parents to take you to a doctor for treatment. You must not delay to see the doctor. If you do, your ear problem might become worse and you might become deaf.

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Care Of The Nose

We learnt much about the care of the nose in Classes Three and Four. Look at the nose in this picture.

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Let us think of these. Our nose has two holes called nostrils, through which we breathe. Inside the nostril are hairs which help to prevent dust and germs from getting into our body. The hairs filter the air we breathe before it goes into the lungs. This is why we find a lot of dirt when we clean nostrils with a handkerchief or tissue paper. If dust, containing disease germs, escapes through the hair into the wind pipe and lungs, you might have a cold or catarrh. This tickles inside the nose and throat. It makes you sneeze and a thick white liquid (mucus) flows from the nostril.�

When sneezing, you must cover your nostril with a handkerchief or tissue paper to avoid spreading any disease. The tissue paper used, should be thrown into the latrine or dustbin. If you use a handkerchief, you should use hot water to wash it clean.

You must not spit or throw mucus (Phlegm) about the compound. If you do not have a handkerchief or tissue paper when you cough or sneeze, you could drop the phlegm on the ground and cover it up with soil to avoid spreading disease to others.

You must not use your fingers to clean your nostrils. You might damage the skin in the nostril and introduce germs. You must not allow people to hit your nose and you must not hit other people's nose. This could cause nose bleeding.

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Care Of The Mouth

Anything we eat passes through our mouth. Hence, our mouth must be kept clean always. If our mouth is clean, we would look attractive and happy. People will like us. But if our mouth is dirty, people will not like us to talk to them because our mouth will be smelling.�

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We must wash our mouth every morning before we take our breakfast and every evening after dinner. This will make our mouth clean and fresh

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Care Of The Teeth

Let us remember what we said before. You must brush your teeth in the morning before you take your breakfast and in the evening after dinner.

In brushing your teeth, you should brush the lower teeth upwards and the upper teeth downwards, so that you may not damage the gum. You should brush the inner side of the teeth the same way.

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Whether you use a tooth brush with paste or chewing stick, you should clean your teeth the same way.This will enable you remove food particles that might have got stuck in between the teeth.

You must not use your teeth to break hard objects such as kernels, bones or hard nuts. You must not use them to open bottles. If you do, you may break your teeth and germs will get in. The teeth will then begin to decay and give you severe pains.