Lesson Notes By Weeks and Term - Junior Secondary School 3

SUBJECT: CULTURAL AND CREATIVE ARTS

CLASS:  JSS 3

DATE:

TERM: 2nd TERM

REFERENCE TEXTBOOK

• Modern Approach to Cultural and Creative Arts by G.F. Ibrahim (Book 1-3).

 
WEEK THREE                        DATE…………………………..

TOPIC: MUSICAL FORMS

MEANING OF MUSICAL FORM: Musical form or musical architecture refers to overall structure or plan of a piece of music and it describes the layout of a composition as divided into sections. In analyzing musical forms, motives, phrases and sentences of a piece of music are of great importance.

• MOTIVES: Motives are the smallest units or figures of a musical composition, consisting of at least two, three four or more notes  and have a clearly recognizable melodic or rhythmic figures giving life to a piece of  music.

• PHRASES: A musical phrase consist of one or more motives usually in two or four bars long and ends with some form of cadence.

• SENTENCES: A musical sentence consists of two or more phrases that bring the tune or main part of a tune to an end. A common length for a musical sentence is eight bars.

TYPES OF MUSICAL FORM

• BINARY FORM (Two Part Form)  

This is a musical piece which comprises of two sections or complimentary sentences (A & B) or A//B//. Section A being the questioning section and Section B being the answering section. In Section A, the music piece begins with the original key (tonic) and progresses to another key preferably the dominant or its relative major or minor; and the answering Section B. takes its melody from the key in which ‘A’ ended and moves back to the original key  or the tonic. On the other hand, Section A ends with an imperfect cadence, while Section B ends with a perfect cadence. This second example implies that there will be no modulation and the parts may not be repeated. Most binary forms consist of sixteen bars. (Eight in each section).

1. TERNARY FORM (Three Part Form)

This is a piece of music with three sections A//B//A//. In the ternary form, the 1st section starts in the tonic and ends with a perfect cadence and could therefore complete itself. 

The 2nd section B. is the digression or episode which is usually contrasted with the first section by the use of a different key or keys and in different material or outline. 

The 3rd section A. is the re - statement which is either exact or slightly varied repetition of the first section that starts and ends in the tonic.

• RONDO FORM

A musical form with a recurring leading theme, often found in the final movement of a sonata or concerto.

• SONATA FORM

Sonata form is musical structure consisting of three main sections ; an exposition, a development and a recapitulation. It has been widely used in the middle of the 18th century (Early classical period).

• UNITARY FORM

In music, unitary form is also known as strophic form, which has the same melody over different song stanzas that have different lyrics. Moreover, a song is unitary in its form if it has this “repetitive nature”.

EVALUATION

1. What is musical form?
2. List any three types of musical form.

ASSIGNMENT

1. Write short notes on these musical forms. 

1. Episodical Form
2. Symphony

READING ASSIGNMENT

Modern Approach to Cultural and Creative Art by G.F. Ibrahim, Book 3.

WEEKEND ASSIGNMENT

1. A printed piece of music that consists of two sections A // B is what musical form.A. Binary form  B. Ternary form  C. Rondo form  D. Unitary form
2. A printed piece of music that has three sections A // B // A is what musical form.A. Rondo form  B. Ternary form  C. Unitary form  D. Binary form
3. ……is an overall structure or plan of a musical piece that shows the layout of the composition in sections. A. Musical form  B. Chord  C. Phrase  D. Motive
4. What does section A of a musical piece in the binary form represent?   A. Questioning section  B. Answering section  C. Exposition  D. Development
5. What does section B in a music piece in the binary form represent? A. Questioning section B. Answering section  C. Recapitulation  D. Development

THEORY

1. What is a phrase in music?
2. A. What is the difference between a sentence and a phrase in music?

1. Explain motives in music.