Lesson Notes By Weeks and Term - Junior Secondary School 3

RESOURCES FROM LIVING THINGS

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TERM: FIRST TERM

SUBJECT: BASIC SCIENCE

CLASS: JSS 3

REFRENCES

    • BasicScience Made Easy for JSS Three by F.I Kehinde et al
    • BasicScience Made Easy for JSS Two by F.I Kehinde et al
    • STAN Integrated Science for JSS Three
    • Precious Seeds Basic Science for JSS three by J.O Otugboyegaet al.

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WEEK SIX

TOPIC: RESOURCES FROM LIVING THINGS

CONTENT

  • Introduction.
  • Resources from Plants.
  • Resources from Animals.
  • Economic Importance of Resources from Plants and Animals.

Natural resources are valuable material that is found in nature and used by people to meet their needs. Some natural resources are air, water, plants and animals, metals soil and so on.

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Resources are either renewable or non renewable.

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Renewable resources are resources that are naturally replaced after use. Plants and animals are renewable resources because they can reproduce.

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Non-renewable resources are resources that are not replaced after use. All mineral resources are non renewable.

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Resources from living things include the resources from plants and animals.

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EVALUATION

  1. What are natural resources?
  2. State, with examples, the two types of resources.

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RESOURCES FROM PLANTS

Resources gotten from plants include:

  1. foodcrops.
  2. cashcrops.
  3. medicinalplants.
  4. textilematerials.
  5. woodmaterials.
  6. manureand yeast.

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FOOD CROPS

These are crops cultivated only to feed man. They include the following.

  1. Leafy vegetables (like bitter leaf, pumpkin, spinach) which provides us with minerals (like calcium and iron) and vitamins.
  2. Fruits (like orange, mango, pineapple etc) provide the body with essential vitamins and mineral salts.
  3. Grains and cereals (like rice, oat, millet, sorghum etc) which are rich in starch, oil and protein.
  4. Staples and tubers (like yam, cassava, potato etc) which are essentially rich in starch.
  5. Oil plants (like oil palm, groundnut, coconut etc) from which we get oil. The oil is used domestically, for cooking.

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CASH CROPS

These are crops cultivated by the farmer for sale and to make profit. They include:

  1. Fibre crops (like cotton, milkweed etc) are used in textile industries for making clothes. It is also used in making pulp for papers.
  2. Oil crops (like groundnut, oil palm, Shea-butter, coconut etc) sold to earn income.
  3. Beverage crops (like cocoa, coffee, tea etc) are also exported.
  4. Latex crops (like rubber, Arabic gum, raffia palm) used for making latex and exported.

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MEDICINAL PLANTS

The bark leaves and roots of some plants are used for medicinal purposes. Examples include Dongoyaro, lemon grass, kolanut trees, tobacco etc.

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TEXTILE CROPS

These are crops used in the manufacturing of clothes, dyes and other accessories. They are mainly fibrecrops like cotton and dyeplants like indigo plant.

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WOODS

These are products from trees mainly used for building, furnitures, cooking etc. Examples of plants that provide us with wood include Mahogany, ebony, obeche, African walnut etc.

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ORNAMENTAL PLANTS

These are plants that are used for beautifying the environment. Examples include: hisbiscus plant, Rose plant, Pride of Barbados etc.

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COMPOST AND MANURE

When plants die or when their leaves fall to the ground, they decompose and add to the nutrient of the soil. Legumes also add to soil fertility when they are planted

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EVALUATION

  1. List five resources gotten from plants with two examples each.
  2. List four food crops and four cash crops.

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RESOURCES FROM ANIMALS

Animals are reared by man to provide food and other essential resources. These resources include:

    1. Food: Livestocks are reared to provide food in form of meat for man. Man obtain nutritional values like proteins, fat, vitamins and mineral salts from meat. E.g pork from pigs, chevon from goat, mutton from sheep, poultry meat, fish, prawn etc.
    2. Eggs: Eggs laid by poultry birds are also important sources of protein. The fowls that are reared mainly for the production of eggs are called layers. Examples of poultry include: chicken, Turkey, duck etc.

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  • Dairy products: Dairy deals with the production milk from livestocks especially cattle. Dairy products include milk, cheese, yoghurt etc.
  • Bones: Bones are the part of the body found within animals. Bones are used in the production of glues and ornamental decoration.
  • Horns: Horns are extension of the skull of some animals. Horns are used fir producing cattle, sheep, goat etc
  • Feathers: Feathers are coverings on the body of birds. Feathers are used for decoration.

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  1. Hide and skin: Hide from large animals and skin from small animals are used for making belts, bags, drums, purses. Hide and skin are gotten from goats, sheep, horse, camel, cattle etc.
  2. Beast of burden: These are animals used for carrying loads and doing farm work. These animals include horses, donkey, camel, cows etc.
  3. Animaldungs: Animal waste are used to produce manure which add to soil fertility and increase crop yield.

EVALUATION

State five animal resources�

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ECONOMIC IMPORTANCE OF RESOURCES FROM LIVING THINGS

  1. They serve as source of food to man e.g beans, cassava, beans, cow, goat etc.
  2. They serve as raw materials for industries e.g Timber, tannin and hides for leather, milk etc.
  3. They provide drugs and antidotes.
  4. Plants make oxygen available for us and purify our environment.
  5. Animals are used for farming activities.
  6. Ornamental plants are used to decorate our environment.
  7. Animals that are used as pets helps to fight loneliness.
  8. They are sources of income generation for farmers.
  9. They provide employment for the people.
  10. Animals in zoos and parks serve as centre for tourism.

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EVALUATION

State five importance of plant and animal resources.

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GENERAL EVALUATION

  1. Name five plant and animal resources each.
  2. Give two differences between bones and horns.
  3. Define Neurone.
  4. Define flooding.
  5. State five effect of deforestation.

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READING ASSIGNMENT

Precious Seeds Basic Science for JSS Three by J.O Otugboyegaet al. Chapter 15 Pages 95-96

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WEEKEND ASSIGNMENT

  1. Which of the following is not a plant resource?� A. Food� B. Fuel� C. Latex� D. Fruit
  2. The following are animal resources except� A. fur� B. horn� C. skin� D. fibre
  3. Which of the following is the process of producing and keeping milk?� A. Farming� B. Poultry� C. Dairy� D. Skinning
  4. Which of the following is not a cash crop?� A. Cocoyam� B. Cocoa� C. Groundnut� D. Cotton
  5. The following are ornamental plants except ____� A. Hibiscus� B. Rose
  1. Mango� D. Pride of Barbados

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THEORY

  1. Briefly explain the following terms: a) food crops� b) cash crops� c) medicinal plants� d) ornamental plants
  2. State five importance of plant and animal resources.

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