Lesson Notes By Weeks and Term - Junior Secondary School 3

SUBJECT: HOME ECONOMICS

CLASS:  JSS 3

DATE:

TERM: 1st TERM

 
WEEK 1

TOPIC: INTRODUCTION TO TEXTILE STUDY

Basic terms used in textile study are as follows.

1. Fibre
2. Yarn
3. Fabric
4. The wrap
5. The weft
6. The selvedge
7. Grain
8. right side
9. The wrong side

1. Fibre: This is a hair –like basic unit of raw material used in the making of yarns and fabrics, e.g. Cotton, silk, wool, nylon, fibres.
2. Yarn: This is a thread made by twisting or spinning fibres.
3. Fabric: This is cloth constructed with yarn or directly from fibres by weaving, knitting, crocheting, and felting .A woven fabric is made up of two sets of yarn or thread –the warp and weft.
4. The wrap: This is the yarn or thread which runs length –wise in a woven fabric .It is parallel to the selvedge.
5. The weft: This is the yarn that runs cross –wise in a fabric .It runs at right angles across the selvedge grain.
6. The selvedge: This is the edge of the fabric made by the weft thread or yarn by turning over the wrap thread .It is the mill-finish edge of a fabric which runs in a length –wise direction.
7. Bias: This is the diagonal direction across the two grain lines, warp and weft.
8. True bias: Makes an angle of 450 across the length –wise and across wise grains .It has the greatest stretch.
9. Gran of the fabric: This refers to the direction of yarns or threads in a fabric.
10. The right side (RS) of the fabric is the side to be worn out. It has better finish and more distinct print than the other side.
11. The wrong side (WS)  of the fabric is the side to be worn inside

REASONS FOR STUDY OF TEXTILE

1. To identifying different types of fabrics/textiles and their characteristics or properties.
2. Selection or choosing the suitable fabric for a given purpose.
3. Using fabrics intelligently .You will be able to use fabrics correctly.
4. Taking proper care of the fabrics and selecting method of washing or dry cleaning fabrics.
5. Handling the fabric properly.
6. Making you a wise consumer
7. Making you happier with your clothing and fabric purchase.
8. You can be developed interest in clothing and textile career.

GENERAL USES OF TEXTILE (FABRICS)

1. Construction of personal and family clothes .e.g. dresses, underwear.
2. Construction of household linen, such as bed sheets, curtains, towels.
3. House or soft furnishing such as carpets ,rung ,upholstery 
4. The production of sports wears.
5. Keeping the body from rain or wind.
6. Beautifying or adoring the body.
7. They are used in automobiles (cars and buses and ship)
8. They are used in making swimwear and sports swear.
9. They are used for making nets and tents.

Fabric construction method

Weaving: This is the process of construction fabrics by interlacing two sets of yarns (the warp and the weft yarns) at right angle.

Knitting: The process of constructing fabrics by forming rows of loops with the yarn .The loops support each other like a chain.

Crocheting: This is the process of constructing fabric by making a chain of loops from a single yarn, using just one hook or needle.