SUBJECT: HOME ECONOMICS

CLASS: JSS 2

DATE:

TERM: 3rd TERM

REFERENCE BOOKS

HOME ECONOMICS NEW CONCEPT BOOK 2 BY POPOOLA O.O.
HOME ECONOMICS FOR JUNIOR SECONDARY SCHOOLS 1-3 BY ELIZABETHU. ANYAKOHA.

WEEK TWO

TOPIC: FOOD NUTRIENTS

CONTENT

Definitionof Food
Food Groups
Balanced Diets

FOOD

Food is any edible substance liquid or solid which when eaten and digested provides the body with nourishment, energy, enhances growth and regulates the body processes. It maintains life.

NUTRIENTS

These are the chemical substances in the food we eat. Different foods contain different types of food nutrients.

These are carbohydrates, fats and oil, proteins, vitamins, minerals and water.

NUTRITION

It refers to the way the body uses the food we eat. It is the scientific study of the food we eat and how it nourishes the body.

EVALUATION

Define the word ‘food’.
List all the nutrients present in foods.

FOOD NUTRIENTS, FUNCTIONS, SOURCES AND DEFICIENCY DISEASES

FOOD NUTRIENTS	FUNCTIONS	SOURCES	DEFICIENCY DISEASES
Carbohydrates	a) It provides the body with energy for work. b) Surplus is stored as body fat.	Yam, cassava, rice, maize, bread, sugar, potatoes, etc.	a) Lack of energy b) Tiredness
Fats and oils	a) It provides the body with heat and energy. b) Surplus is stored as body fat.	Margarine, butter, palm oil, groundnut oil, oily meat and fish	Skin may become rough
Proteins	a) For growth e.g. in children, adolescents and babies. b) For building new tissues c) For repair of worn out or damaged tissue	Meat, fish, eggs, milk, soya bean, peas, beans, etc.	a) Poor growth and development. b) General weakness. c) Kwashiorkor in children.
Mineralse.g. calcium, iron, iodine, phosphorus, etc.	a) For growth e.g. the bones and teeth. b) For proper working or functioning of the body.	Milk, eggs, green vegetables, meat, liver, beans, sea food, etc.	Poor functioning of the body e.g. weak bones and teeth, tiredness, headache, etc.
Vitamins e.g. vit. A, vit. B-complex, vit. D, etc.	a) They protect the body from diseases. b)Help the body use food for energy, growth and repair. c) Important for vitality.	Fruits, vegetables egg, yolk, milk, meat, butter, fish, kidney, beans, cod-liver oil etc.	a) Body will be easily affected by diseases. b) Weakness and loss of appetite.
Water	a) It helps digestion. b) Important for body tissue and fluids such as saliva, urine, sweat, etc. c) It also helps to eliminate waste from the body.	Fruits, drinkable water, beverages, fruits and vegetables.	a) Normal digestion will be affected. b) Body will be dehydrated.

EVALUATION

Define nutrition.
State three importance of water in the body.

FOOD GROUPS

Foods can be grouped according to the nutrients they contain and the functions they perform in the body. They are generally grouped into three which are:

Body Building Foods – These are proteins and they include meat, fish, eggs, milk, beans, etc.
Energy Giving Foods – These are carbohydrates and fats. Proteins can supply energy but not as much as carbohydrates and fats. Examples of energy food are starchy foods such as yam, potatoes, cassava, bread, rice, palm oil, etc.
Protective Foods -These protect the body from diseases. They are vitamins and mineral sources include vegetable and fruits.

Roughage – This is an important food item. It is indigestible part of foods such as cellulose.

Roughages have the following uses:

It increases the bulk of food.
It helps digestion and bowel movement.
It therefore helps to prevent constipation.

EVALUATION

List the food groups with the nutrient(s) under each group.
State two functions of roughages in the body.

BALANCED DIET

A balanced diet is a meal that contains all the six classes of food nutrients in the right proportion. Different groups of people e.g. children, adolescents, pregnant mothers, invalids, the aged, vegetarian, have different nutritional needs.

GENERAL EVALUATION QUESTIONS

State any three uses of food in the body.
List ten foods commonly eaten in your community. Group them according to their nutrients.
What is balance diet?
State two important of roughages in body.
State five good feeding habits/ table manners.

READING ASSIGNMENT

Food Nutrients: Home Economics for JSS 1-3 by Anyakoha. Pages 164-166

Home Economics New Concept book 2 by Popoola O.O. Pages118-120

WEEKEND ASSIGNMENT

Which of the following supply the food with fat and energy?A. Carbohydrate and calcium
Carbohydrate and fat C. Mineral and fats D. Oils and vitamins
Surplus carbohydrates in the body is stored as body ____ A.fatB. proteinC.starch D.weight
One of the following helps in digestion and bowel movement. A. StarchB. Protein C. Roughage

D.Vitamin

Which of the following is not a body builder?A. Soya beans B.MeatsC. MilkD.Cassava
The field of study that deals with food we eat and how it nourishes the body is ____A.nutrients
food technology C. foods and nutrition D. food engineering

THEORY

Define the following: a) Foods b) Nutrients c) Nutrition
List all the nutrients and state their functions.

Lesson Notes By Weeks and Term - Junior Secondary School 2