Lesson Notes By Weeks and Term - Junior Secondary School 1

LIVING THING AND NON LIVING THING (II)

FIRST TERM

SUBJECT:  BASIC SCIENCE

CLASS:  JSS1

REFERENCE

  • Precious seed BASIC SCIENCE FOR JUNIOR SECONDARY SCHOOLS BOOK 1
  • NIGERIAN BASIC SCIENCE PROJECT BOOK ONE, Integrated Science made Easy By F.I Kehinde

WEEK TWO

TOPIC: LIVING THING AND NON LIVING THING (II)

CONTENT       

  • Characteristics of Living and Non-living things
  • Characteristics of Plants and Animals
  • Importance of plants and animals

 

Living thing is an organism that has life. That is, it possesses all the characteristics features that enables it to perform certain activities that non-living things cannot perform.

The characteristics of living things can be used to make differences between plants and animals.



EXAMPLES OF LIVING AND NON LIVING THINGS

Examples of living things

Some examples of living things include the following organisms: goat, sheep, bird, cow, toad, rat, rabbit, earthworm, tapeworm, housefly, maize plant, mango tree, orange tree, coconut tree, rhizopus, euglena, etc.




Examples of non living things

The following are examples of some non living things around us: stone, pen, book, table, chair, beg, pencil, shoe, water, cup, bucket, air, radio, hand-set, cleaner. Etc.

 

Characteristics of Living and Non-living things

  1. Living things can move, but non-living things cannot.
  2. Energy is required by living things, while non-livings do not require energy.
  3. Living things are capable of growth, reproduction and death.
  4. Non-living things are non-motile, but living things can move around.
  5. Living things respire; non-living things do not respire.
  6. Living things adapt to the surroundings and respond to stimulus.

 

EVALUATION

  1. State five characteristics of living and non living things.
  2. List four examples of living things. 

 

Differences in Characteristics of Plants and Animals

                                                                                          

CharacteristicPLANTSANIMALS
MOVEMENT

Movement in plants is aided by external forces such as wind and current

Animals are active because the have organs for movement e.g leg, limbs, cilia, flagella
RESPIRATION

Plants take in carbon dioxide and give out oxygen

Animal take in oxygen and give out carbon dioxide
NUTRITIONAnimals move from one place to another to obtain ready-made food.Plants make their food by using simple inorganic substance and sun energy.
IRRITABILITYPlants respond slowly to  external changesAnimals respond quickly to external stimuli
GROWTHPlants have unlimited growth

Animals have limited growth

EXCRETIONPlants produce very little waste. Products e.g. gum, latexAnimals produce a lot of waste products, because they are active. e.g. urine, faeces
REPRODUCTIONPlants reproduce to give new individual which are much more resembling each other. E.g. mango and orange fruitsAnimals reproduce to give young one. Some animals give birth to young one alive, e.g. man, goat, cow, monkey

 

EVALUATION

  1. Give four differences between plants and animals
  2. State five examples of animals that can give birth to young one alive

 

IMPORTANCE OF PLANTS AND ANIMALS TO HUMAN BEINGS

Plants are useful to human beings in the following ways:

  1. They help in the beautification of man’s environment
  2. They are sources of food for human
  3. They provide fresh air to human  beings by taking dangerous carbon
  4. Oxide away from the air and releasing oxygen into air
  5. They provide human beings with industrial raw materials e.g. plants for building
  6. They provide fire wood for human beings to cook at home
  7. They provide human beings with roughages to run their bowels
  8. They return water back into the air to reduce the temperature to a bearable level for the comfort of human beings
  9. They provide cloud formation  by returning water into the atmosphere
  10. They help to reduce soil erosion by holding the soil particles together.

 

USES OF ANIMALS TO HUMAN BEINGS

Animals are useful to human beings in  the following ways:

  1. Some animals serves as source of protein to human beings when they are consumed 
  2. Products of some animals are useful for human beings as food or medicine e.g. honey produced by bees
  3. Products of some animals are raw materials to some manufacturing industries e.g. skin, milk, horn, etc.
  4. Some animals e.g. horses and camels are used farm works
  5. Some animals e.g. horses and donkeys serve as a means of transportation to human beings
  6. Some animals serves as source of revenue to human beings e.g. hen etc.
  7. Some animals e.g. dogs, provides security to human beings
  8. Some animals e.g. dogs are used for hunting by farmers
  9. Some animals are trained to entertain human beings

 

EVALUATION

  1. State five uses of animals to human beings
  2. State five uses of plants 

 

READING ASSIGNMENT

NIGERIA BASIC SCIENCE PROJECT PAGE 77-83, Precious seed BASIC SCIENCE FOR JUNIOR SECONDARY SCHOOLS BOOK 1 PAGE 109-112

 

GENERAL EVALUATION

  1. Give four differences between plants and animals
  2. State five examples of animals that can give birth to young one alive
  3. State two differences between  plants and animals 
  4. State five uses of animals to human beings
  5. State five uses of plants 

 

WEEKEND  ASSIGNMENT

  1. -----------------is the site for photosynthesis in plants[a] cell wall [b] nucleus [c] chloroplast [d] ribosome
  2. -------------- is an act of changing position of parts or the whole of an organism [a]Excretion [b] Irritability [c] movement [d] reproduction
  3. The organ that assist mammal to move is [a] leg [b] muscle [c] hand [d] bone
  4. --------------- is the act of getting rid of waste product out of the body of living thing [a] respiration [b] irritability [c] excretion [d] reproduction
  5. Ability of plants to respond to stimuli is very slow because [a] they are too large [b] they have leaves [c] they do not have organs for movement [d] they have very thick bark.

 

THEORY

  1. State eight differences between plants and animals.
  2. Mention two examples of animals that can
  1. a)   give birth to young one alive.
  2. b)   lay eggs before hatch them to produce young one.

 



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